There are about 30 species and many cultivars of the short-lived Alder. Most of these deciduous trees like colder climates and moist or wet soils along streams and ponds. Use in grove plantings or as single, multi-trunked trees. Spring flowers are followed by toothed leaves and cone-like fruits. Roots can be shallow and invasive. They grow rapidly in infertile and poorly drained soils. Prune in winter to remove dead or damaged limbs.
Grow this Pacific Northwest native alongside streams and in other wet, marshy places. Smooth gray bark stands out in winter. Can reach 90 feet, but usually grows to half that. Susceptible to tent caterpillars.